Large molecules which also have a large atomic weight

Simultaneous mutations occurring at the same time, mutation en masse.

Part of the nuclei in protozoans responsible for cell division.

Nutrients required by organisms in large amounts to healthily grow, such as nitrogen, potassium and phosphorous in plants.

A type of white blood cell deriving from monocytes whose primary jobs are to remove wasteful material in the body and to break down red blood cells which are at the end of their life cycle.

Pertaining to animals that eat food molecules that are large in size in relation to the animals size.

A polymorphic species consisting of many races and forms.

The outermost of the three ear ossicles.

Pertaining to the Bowman's capsule and glomerulus that is responsible for blood filtration.

An enzyme capable of breaking down maltose into glucose which is produced in the small intestine during digestion.

A complex sugar (disaccharide) consisting of 2 glucose molecules.

The gland in females responsible for lactation (producing milk).

The 'jaw' of vertebrates responsible for crunching down food materials into a swallow-able form.

Another name used for cannabis.

A xerophyte plant commonly found on coastal sand dunes, which are usually one of the first pioneers to colonise the area in succession of the ecosystem. Marram grass has many evolutionary adaptations to cope with water availablility and its presence provides more structural integrity to the soil making the local habitat a more stable area which will assist in helping other organisms colonise the area.

The pouch of a marsupial  animal.

The death of one or more species in a relatively short time, usually as a result of environmental change or on a shorter scale, an environmental disaster. Mass extinctions have been noted in Earth's history due to the study of fossil records indicating their removal from existance.

The middle value of a list of ordered values.

The central part of an organ, usually a word relating to the centre of the brain.

Medullary Ray

Parenchyma cells in plant root and stems that originate from the centre and travel outwards.

A type of nuclear division where four haploid cells are created from one diploid cell, and is the process used to create gametes in humans.

A pigment found in melanophores that control eye, hair and skin colour depending on the genotype and external environment of the organism (which can alter the colour of the eyes, hair and skin).

Any type of pigment cell that contains melanin.

A hormone produced by the pituitary gland which is thought to affect reproductive processes and mood.

The point where a solid turns in its' liquid form.

A thin layer of tissue, such as the plasma membrane on the outer layer of cells.

A protein or enzyme that actively transports materials in an organism.

A type of protein that actively transports materials across a cell membrane that would not otherwise allow this to occur.

The recollection of past events and experiences stored from learning and instinctive behaviour.

A type of lymphocyte that is released as a specific immune response that is stored in case the specific antigen attacks once again. Live vaccinations are used to initiate the production of memory cells.

Mendel's Law covers the basic understanding of inheritance, stating that the phenotype of an organism is dependant on the expression of particular alleles  for a gene. The final expression will depend on whether these alleles are dominant or recessive, with the end result expressing either the dominant or recessive characteristics, which in turn, are passed on to offspring.

A 19th century monk and mathematician who successfully predicted the passing on of genetic information from generation to generation by studying the phenotype of pea plants.

Biological fact based on the work of Gregor Mendel, who successfully worked out that genetic information is passed on from parent to offspring and that phenotypical features were inherited.

The point in later life of female mammals where ovulation stops permanently.

A 28 day cycle involving the availability of the female egg for fertilisation. During the luteal phase the mucosa element of the Menstrual Cycle.

The projection of the jaw and chin of the skull, which can be associated with determining the evolution of humans by the development of this area and the way it is structured.

See apical meristem and lateral meristem.

The internal tissue of a plant, barring the vascular bundles.

A plant that occupies land in an ecosystem with normal water availability.

Mesoplankton

Plankton that grows in deep sea locations.

Pertaining to certain plants requirements of a moderate amount of nutrients.

The polynucleotide chain that is transcribed from DNA, which contains the instructions to code for a particular protein by ca.

A series of enzyme controlled reactions where one substance is changed into another, usually with by-products being released.

The rate at which oxygen is used in respiration.

The water produced by metabolism and catabolism that is produced as a by product in these metabolic pathways.

Pertaining to the use or creation of ATP in cells.

An end product as a result of metabolism.

A series of bones found in the hands and feet of vertebrates.

A chromosome where the centromere is situated roughly in the middle.

The change of an organism from larval to adult form.

A stage in nuclear division occurring once in mitosis and twice in meiosis, where chromosomes become polarised at the equator of the spindle fibres.

The transformation of a type of tissue to another type of tissue.

The almost lethal consequence where cancerous cells are transported to other parts of the body in the blood stream.

One of 20 amino acids commonly found in proteins.

Microevolution

Adaptive radiation within a species, as opposed to the creation of a new species via speciation.

A sub cellular structure found in the cytoplasm consisting of protein that is involved in phagocytosis and cytoplasmic str.

The smaller of two gametes, such as the size of sperm in relation to the egg that it fertilises.

A habitat within a habitat, that possesses unique properties where new variations of life can exist and thrive due to the unique conditions that the microhabitat offers.

One thousandth of a millimetre, also known as a micron.

See micrometre.

The smallest of nuclei in protozoans in charge of cell division.

A type of nutrient required by an organism but only in small amounts.

Microscopic organisms such as bacteria and viruses that are not visible to the human eye.

Pertaining to aquatic organisms that collect food particles suspended in the water as a means of nourishment.

Microplankton

Plankton that is visible to the human eye.

An instrument that can be used to magnify the size of an object for study purposes, and is the instrument that can be used to investigate microorganisms and other biological matter more closely.

Succession of a microhabitat by plants.

The Latin word meaning 'to go from one place to another' which is exhibited by some animals in line with seasonal change.

A nutritious liquid produced by the mammary gland of female mammals to feed their young.

This type of mimicry involves an organism exhibiting the phenotypical characteristics of another organism which is well known in the community for being dangerous or poisonous, and therefore acquires the reputation of this organism and wards off potential.

The sharing of a common characteristic in organism that proves dangerous or poisonous to another organism, therefore making those characteristics something to avoid in the community.

A lack of mineral uptake in the diet.

The required amount of minerals required for an organism's survival.

Plural of mitochondrion.

An organelle where much of the respiration process takes place. The Kreb's cycle occurs within the central matrix of the mitochondrion and the cytochrome system occurs on the cristae bound on the large surface area of the sausage shaped mitochondrion.

A type of nuclear division where two daughter cells are created from one daughter cell with no change in chromosome number.

Meiosis typically occurs in an organism as a means of cell renewal; replacing dead cells with new ones while containing the same genetic information to continue that purpose. This is in contrast to meiosis, where chromosome compliment is halved and passed on to 4 daughter cells.

The study of biology at the molecular level, such as the chemical properties of DNA.

A type of white blood cell produced in bone marrow that is capable of phagocytosis.

Relating to an organism in possession of only one allele for a gene, where the sole gene expression can be a dominant or recessive trait.

Pertaining to an organism or cell that possesses only one set of each chromosome. See Polyploid.

Simple sugars such as glucose and fructose.

Identical twins that derive from the same egg and genetic information from the gametes.

mRNA

Shorthand for messenger RNA.

A slimy, sticky material.

Specialised cells with contractile properties that give us the ability to move.

Any factor that is responsible from an increase in the frequency of mutations of an organism.

An organism or gene exhibiting a mutated sequence of DNA.

The frequency at which mutants exist within a population. Mutations' effect in the genetic information of an organism may occur naturally or be artificially brought about by a mutagen. This change in genetic information can lead to a variety of consequences, depending on which genetic information mutated, how important it is, and in what stage of the life cycle it occurred in.

See symbiosis.

The study of fungi and factors affecting these types of species.

Mycosis

Diseases in animals caused by fungi.

Mycotoxin

Toxins secreted by fungus.

A white type of phospholipid molecule.

A layer of phosphoplipids that surrounds nerve fibres.

A protein found in muscle fibres that is involved in muscle contraction.