Antigens that can be found in the presence of a cancer inducing virus (an oncogene).

Otherwise known as a T-helper cell, these t cells are a type of lymphocyte that produce antibodies as a means of cell defense. The antibodies produced by the T cell remain cell bound and are used to breakdown foreign agents. Compare to B Cell.

The larva of amphibians.

A type of habitat common in the northern hemisphere where vegetation inhabits wet soils, lying south of the colder tundra biome.

An organic compound that is found commonly in plants after pathogenic attack in the form of a gall. Tannins are an acidic chemical that is also found commonly is bark, leaves and unripe fruits.

A type of receptor in animals that is commonly found in the mouth, though can occupy in areas all over the body in specific organisms. Taste buds can differ between bitter, salty, sweet and sour tastes, which are detected by the taste buds and forwarded t.

Pertaining to the groupings used in the classification of organisms. Taxonomy is the science devoted to the categorisation of organisms.

A particular category where similar organisms are classified together in relation to their common characteristics.

Taxonomy involves the study of organisms, and the similarities that varying species share, and then categorising these organisms in relation to their ancestral lines and their common characteristics.

A type of membrane found in the ear that runs parallel to the basilar membrane.

Any type of bony fish that is characterised by the presence of an air bladder.

The rounded off tip found at the end of chromosomes.

A stage of nuclear division in meiosis and mitosis, occurring once in mitosis and twice in meiosis.

The direct movement towards a particular stimulus.

The degree of hotness or coldness in a given environment, usually measured in Fahrenheit (F), Celsius (C) or Kelvin's (K).

The ability of an organism to regulate its internal temperature to a particular level, such as the 37n degree celsius temperature in humans that provides optimal conditions for metabolic processes to occur.

A molecule that provides the structural mould to create similar molecules.

A type of connective tissue consisting of collagen fibres that connects muscle fibres to the skeletal structure of an organism. These provide a strong connection between bone and muscle, providing structural stability and assisting movement.

A type of receptor in tendons that responds to contraction within the muscles nearby.

A long outreaching organism common in marine animals that can detect the sense of touch and also act as a means of attaching the organism to a particular object, such as its prey.

The study of malformations and imperfections involving biological organisms.

Pertaining to dry land.

An area which organisms occupy and defend, usually to protect offspring and other members of the same species or their breeding and living quarters.

Organisms that occupy the end of a food chain, such as humans.

A cross involving a homozygous parent that is done to investigate the genotype of an unknown parent.

Organisms that possess 4 times more chromosomes than a haploid cell.

Vertebrate organisms that possess two pairs of pentadactly limbs.

Part of the brain consisting of grey matter that is involved in relaying sensory signals due to be processed by the brain.

The science involved in looking at the relationships between mechanical movement and heat.

Organisms who favour an environment where temperature is abnormally high, around 45 degrees celsius or higher.

Pertaining to organisms that can only survive at relatively low temperatures.

A type of receptor that is sensitive to temperature changes and is used in thermoregulation of organisms.

Pertaining to the way organisms manage heat within them.

A response in plants as a result of temperature stimuli where the organisms curve towards to heat source.

More commonly known as vitamin C and found commonly in cereals, thiamine acts as a coenzyme used to breakdown sugars.

A growth response in plants, where the plant usually shows a positive effect to contact and grows towards it, hence the success of ivy growing on walls.

A behavioural response in animals usually as a result of a threat to their territory. The display involves intimidating the offending organism using a threatening posture or an aggressive display of markings to ward off other organisms.

One of 20 amino acids that are commonly found in proteins, this particular amino acid is soluble in water.

Pertaining to the response created by stimuli, where a certain proportion of this stimuli induces a response and below this level no response is produced.

One of the four bases of a nucleotide that are found in DNA. Thymine is paired with adenine in DNA sequences and is replaced by uracil in mRNA.

A gland found in the endocrine system found in the neck. The gland is responsible for producing thyroxine, which is involved in the control of BMR, basal metabolic rate.

Also known as thyrotrophic hormone, this hormone targets the pituitary gland to release thyroxin. Negative feedback occurs when thyroxine levels in the body are high, as this inhibits the secretion of TSH.

The hormone responsible for the release of TSH from the pituitary gland, originating from neurosecretory cells situated in the hypothalamus.

A hormone that contains iodine that is released by the thyroid gland. Underproduction of thyroxine can result in a condition known as cretinism.

A grouping of cells that are similarly characterised by their structure and function, such as muscle or nerve tissue.

An environment created by scientists that is sterile and nutrient rich. The food is to allow the tissue within this culture to easily grow, so that scientists can analyse the tissue more clearly.

A muscular structure found at the foot of the mouth that assists speech in humans and on a wider plain assists eating in organisms. The tongue also hosts the taste buds used to differentiate taste.

The cell membrane of plants surrounding the vacuole which is selectively permeable, and regulates the movements of ions around the cell.

A lymphatic tissue found at the back of a humans mouth.

Carnivores that are situated at the top of a food chain or pyramid of numbers that feeds on other organisms though is not fed upon itself.

Created by organisms in their metabolic processes and prove injurous to other organisms.

The formation of RNA from a DNA template.

A type of RNA molecule with the duty of each unique tRNA molecule to carry a unique amino acid to the ribosome for protein synthesis. tRNA molecules are commonly known as anticodons, which are complimentary to mRNA (codons).

The term used to describe to loss of water via stomata and lenticels in plants to the external environment. This loss of water is believed to be a major factor in the upward push of water from the lower situated roots, where the water moves across the con.

Pertaining to the flow of water across a plant, beginning with the uptake of water via the roots to the point where the water is lost to the external environment from the leaves.

The plant water regulation tutorial elaborates on the way the transpiration stream is an important element of water regulation in plants.

The movement of a given structure from one location to another.

The technical term for fat, see fat.

Triose Phosphate

See PGAL.

TRNA

See transfer RNA.

Pertaining to nutrition.

Pertaining to part of a food chain, for example, the primary producers are a trophic level just as tertiary consumers are another trophic level.

An occurrence where a plants growth bends towards a particular direction due to stimuli, such as light, touch and temperature.

Pertaining to a small tube-like structure.

The physical state of a cell with its maximum content of water before bursting, characterised by swelling of the cell via the vacuole of the cell shrinking and the cell wall / membrane stretching.

One of 20 amino acids commonly found in proteins.